stars and bars meaning

Stars And Bars Meaning - For the historical use of the flag in the Confederate States, see Confederate flags of America § Battle flag.

Although the Confederate States of America dissolved at the end of the American Civil War (1861-1865), their battle flag is still used. The modern display began during the 1948 United States presidential election when it was used by the Dixiecrats, a political party opposed to African-American civil rights.

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The continued flying of the flag was in response to the civil rights movement and the passage of federal civil rights laws in the 1950s and 1960s.

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The display of flags associated with the Confederacy is controversial. Supporters associate the Confederate battle flag with pride in Southern heritage, states' rights, and a historical marker of the Civil War, while opponents associate it with glorifying the Civil War and the myth of the lost cause, racism, slavery, segregation, glorification of whiteness. supremacy, historical negation and betrayal.

Incidents such as the Charleston church shooting, the "Unite the Right" rally, and the killing of George Floyd have led to bans on the flag and its official display.

The Confederate States of America used three national flags known as the "Stars and Bars" (1861-1863), the "Stainless Flag" (1863-65), and the "Blood Flag" during the American Civil War from 1861 to 1865. Flag." Banner" (1865).

The "Stars and Bars" was not popular with the Confederates due to its similarity to the US flag, which caused confusion during the battle.

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Criticism of the first national flag led to the creation of a battle flag, to which the "stainless flag" and "bloody flag" were added. Both national models did not establish themselves even in the south. The "Stainless Banner" has been criticized for its overly white design, raising fears that it could be mistaken for a flag of truce and causing it to stain easily.

Issued just over a month before the Confederate surrender, the "Blood Flag" was rarely used because so few flags were produced.

Designed by William Porcher Miles, Chairman of the Committee on Flags and Seals of the Provisional Congress of the Confederacy, the flag now commonly known as the "Confederate Flag" was first proposed and rejected as the national flag in 1861. However, the design was adopted like a flag. Battle flag of the Army of Northern Virginia (ANV) under General Robert E. Lee

To save material, ANV changed Miles' design for the battle flag to a square instead of a rectangle. A rectangular version similar to the battle flag used by the Army of Tennessee under General Joseph E. Johnston,

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Is the most popular today and common in modern reproductions. Although it has never historically represented the Confederacy as a country or been officially recognized as its flag, it is commonly referred to as the "Confederate flag" and has become a widely recognized symbol of the American South.

It is also called the "Rebel Flag", "Dixie Flag", "Confederate Battle Flag" or "Southern Cross". Opponents of the flag called it the "Dixie cleat."

Due to the mistaken belief that this shape is the national flag of the Confederacy, it is often referred to as the "Stars and Bars" after the original national design.

The Confederate exclave of New York's Town Line, which did not have a Confederate flag, flew a version of the flag before the 1946 vote to rejoin the Union.

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During the "Commemoration Period," which lasted from the late 19th century to the 1920s, the use of Confederate flags expanded and became a symbolic embodiment of the lost cause.

The Confederate battle flag was added to the national flags of the three former Confederate states. The Mississippi flag included the battle flag from 1894-2020 and the Georgia flag from 1956-2003.

The 50th anniversary meeting at Gettysburg in 1913 was a turning point in the national recognition of the flag and other symbols of the Confederacy. The flag is featured prominently in The Birth of a Nation (1915), a hugely successful and influential film. Margaret Mitchell's novel Gone with the Wind ushered in a brief but profound period of nostalgia for the Old South in which the Confederate flag featured prominently.

During World War II, several US military units that used Southern nicknames or were composed primarily of Southerners made the flag their unofficial emblem. Some soldiers carried Confederate flags into battle. After the Battle of Okinawa, a Marine from the self-proclaimed "Rebel Company" (Company A, 1st Battalion, 5th Marines) raised the Confederate flag over Shuri Castle. Visible for miles, it was shot down three days later on the orders of General Simon B. Buckner Jr. (son of Confederate General Simon Buckner Sr.), who argued that it was inappropriate because it "involves Americans everywhere in the battle." By decree, it was replaced by the US flag with 48 stars.

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Until the start of the war, the use of the Confederate flag in the military was relatively rare.

In 1952, the 122nd Destroyer Division (known as the "Dixie Division" because its four commanders were from the South) was ordered to stop flying the Confederate flag.

Following the May 2020 killing of George Floyd and complaints of protests, Marine Corps Commandant David Berger ordered Marine Corps leaders to remove all Confederate-related items from all Corps bases worldwide.

Tire U.S. Navy soon followed suit and banned the display of the Confederate battle flag in all public places on rigs, ships, and aircraft.

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Following the branch-wide bans, Defense Secretary Mark Esper issued guidelines in July banning the flying of the battle flag by all uniformed US service members and all US military installations around the world.

According to historian John Cosk, segregationists used Confederate symbols because both they and the Confederates shared similar goals, namely opposing efforts to "change the racial status quo in the South." As a result, Coski stated that "there could be no more appropriate opposition than the Confederate battle flag."

In Georgia, the Confederate battle flag was reinstated as an element of the state flag in 1956, just two years after the Supreme Court's Brown v. Board of Education decision. Many saw it as a protest against school segregation.

While some proponents of the flag's continued use argue that it is merely a symbol of Southern heritage and ancestry, or that it represents cultural traditions that separate the South from the wider United States, white supremacist organizations such as the Ku Klux Klan have persisted. use "southern cross" as a symbol.

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Such groups often display Confederate flags alongside others such as the Nazi-era Reichskriegsflagge or the Blood Drop Cross, contributing to the public's perception of the Confederate flag as a symbol of hatred.

Historian John Coski noted that the Sons of Confederate Veterans, "the most visible, active and effective defenders of the flag," "carried into the twenty-first nation, virtually unchanged, the historical interpretations and ideological vision of the lost cause," coining the "Twentieth Shift."

Since ... the early 1950s, SCV officials have defended the integrity of the battle flag against trivialization and those who claimed the flag was unpatriotic or racist. The SCV spokesman repeated the claim that the South was fighting a legitimate war for independence, not a war to protect slavery. The growing "Yankee" view of history falsely offended the South and led people to misinterpret the battle flag.[42]

The flag was also used as a symbol by the United Daughters of the Confederacy and other historical societies.

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From the opposite political perspective, both the Southern Studt organizing committee and the Young Patriots organization (the latter among Chicago's southern migrants) in the 60s/70s. the neo-leftist anti-racist movements of the 1990s that sought to reappropriate the Confederate flag as their symbolism.

In Petersburg, Virginia, in 1909, the Petersburg Women's Memorial Association added Tiffany's Confederate flag stained glass to the window above the door of the former Blandford Church.

At its 2016 annual meeting, the Southern Baptist Convention passed a resolution calling on Southern Baptist churches to stop displaying the Confederate flag as a "sign of solidarity for the entire body of Christ."

The Confederate flag is a controversial symbol for many Americans today. A 2011 Pew Research Center poll found that 30% of Americans had a "negative reaction" to "seeing the Confederate flag flown."

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According to the same survey, 9% of Americans had a positive reaction. The majority (58%) did not answer. Among black Americans, 41% had a negative reaction, 10% had a positive reaction, and 45% did not. A similar survey in 2015 showed little change from 2011.

In a YouGov poll conducted in October 2013, many (38%) respondents disapproved of flying the flag in public places.

In the same survey, many respondents (44%) saw the flag as a symbol of racism, 24% saw it as exclusively racist, and 20% saw it as both racist and a symbol of regional pride. 35% see it exclusively as a symbol of regional pride.

In a 2015 national survey of all races, 57% of Americans believed the Confederate flag represented Southern pride, not racism. The result of a similar survey in 2000 was almost the same, 59%. However, the survey results from

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